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MOLECULAR MECHATRONICS GROUP

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Mechanism:
Material:

Mechanism Material Work Density (kJ/m^3)Typical Strain (%)Average Strain Rate (%/s)Operating Stress (MPa)Power Density (kW/m^3)Source
CP Polyaniline 10 0.28 0 1.8 0.04 Use of Ionic Liquids for Pi-Conjugated Polymer Electrochemical Devices
W. Lu, A.G. Fadeev, B.H. Qi, E. Smela, B.R. Mattes, J. Ding, G.M. Spinks, J. Mazurkiewicz, D.Z. Zhou, G.G. Wallace, D.R. Macfarlane, S.A. Forsyth, M. Forsyth
CP Polyaniline 43 1.3 0.04 3.3 1.4 Polyaniline actuators: Part 1. PANI(AMPS) in HCl
E. Smela, W. Lu, B.R. Mattes
CP Polyaniline 49 1.5 0.01 3.3 0.33 Polyaniline actuators: Part 1. PANI(AMPS) in HCl
E. Smela, W. Lu, B.R. Mattes
CP Polyaniline 10 0.92 0.04 1.1 0.1 Polyaniline actuators: Part 1. PANI(AMPS) in HCl
E. Smela, W. Lu, B.R. Mattes
CP Polyaniline 29 0.84 0.03 3.4 0.29 Polyaniline actuators: Part 1. PANI(AMPS) in HCl
E. Smela, W. Lu, B.R. Mattes
CP Polyaniline 61 0.72 0.03 8.5 0.61 Polyaniline actuators: Part 1. PANI(AMPS) in HCl
E. Smela, W. Lu, B.R. Mattes
CP Polyaniline 104 0.61 0.02 17 1.03 Polyaniline actuators: Part 1. PANI(AMPS) in HCl
E. Smela, W. Lu, B.R. Mattes
CP Polyaniline 99 0.35 0.01 28.3 0.99 Polyaniline actuators: Part 1. PANI(AMPS) in HCl
E. Smela, W. Lu, B.R. Mattes
CP Polyaniline 51 0.15 0.01 34 0.51 Polyaniline actuators: Part 1. PANI(AMPS) in HCl
E. Smela, W. Lu, B.R. Mattes
CP Polypyrrole 11.2 0.7 15.2 Comparison of Conducting Polymer Actuators Based on Polypyrrole Doped With Bf4(-), Pf6(-), Cf3so3-, and Clo4-
T. Zama, S. Hara, W. Takashima, K. Kaneto
CP Polypyrrole 12.8 0.8 20.8 Comparison of Conducting Polymer Actuators Based on Polypyrrole Doped With Bf4(-), Pf6(-), Cf3so3-, and Clo4-
T. Zama, S. Hara, W. Takashima, K. Kaneto
CP Polypyrrole 12.8 0.8 10.6 Comparison of Conducting Polymer Actuators Based on Polypyrrole Doped With Bf4(-), Pf6(-), Cf3so3-, and Clo4-
T. Zama, S. Hara, W. Takashima, K. Kaneto
CP Polypyrrole 12.4 0.78 22 Comparison of Conducting Polymer Actuators Based on Polypyrrole Doped With Bf4(-), Pf6(-), Cf3so3-, and Clo4-
T. Zama, S. Hara, W. Takashima, K. Kaneto
CP Polypyrrole 40 2 0.5 Encapsulated polypyrrole actuators
J.D. Madden, R.A. Cush, T.S. Kanigan, C.J. Brenan, I.W. Hunter
CP Polypyrrole 35 1 0.01 3.5 0.35 Conducting Polymers Electromechanical Actuators and Strain Sensors
G.M. Spinks, G.G. Wallace, L. Liu, D. Zhou
CP Polypyrrole 2.8 0.2 1.4 0.03 Conducting Polymers Electromechanical Actuators and Strain Sensors
G.M. Spinks, G.G. Wallace, L. Liu, D. Zhou
CP Polyaniline 325 0.85 0.01 62 1.2 Carbon-Nanotube-Reinforced Polyaniline Fibers for High-Strength Artificial Muscles
G.M. Spinks, V. Mottaghitalab, M. Bahrami-Saniani, P.G. Whitten, G.G. Wallace
CP Polypyrrole 0 1.2 Electrochemomechanical Deformation Studies of [Fe(Cn)(6)](3-) Ion Doped Conducting Polypyrrole Film
Rajesh, S.S. Pandey, D. Kumar, W. Takashima, K. Kaneto
CP Polypyrrole 1.5 Electrochemomechanical Deformation Studies of [Fe(Cn)(6)](3-) Ion Doped Conducting Polypyrrole Film
Rajesh, S.S. Pandey, D. Kumar, W. Takashima, K. Kaneto
CP Polypyrrole 2.3 0.01 Electrochemomechanical Deformation Studies of [Fe(Cn)(6)](3-) Ion Doped Conducting Polypyrrole Film
Rajesh, S.S. Pandey, D. Kumar, W. Takashima, K. Kaneto
CP Polypyrrole 0 15 1.5 Free-Standing Polypyrrole Actuators With Response Rate of 10.8% S(-1)
S. Hara, T. Zama, W. Takashima, K. Kaneto
CP Polypyrrole 18.9 0.19 Tris(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methide-doped polypyrrole as a conducting polymer actuator with large electrochemical strain
S. Hara, T. Zama, W. Takashima, K. Kaneto
CP Polypyrrole 16.5 0.17 Tris(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methide-doped polypyrrole as a conducting polymer actuator with large electrochemical strain
S. Hara, T. Zama, W. Takashima, K. Kaneto
CP Polypyrrole 0 28 0.28 Tris(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methide-doped polypyrrole as a conducting polymer actuator with large electrochemical strain
S. Hara, T. Zama, W. Takashima, K. Kaneto
CP Polypyrrole 22.9 0.23 Tris(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methide-doped polypyrrole as a conducting polymer actuator with large electrochemical strain
S. Hara, T. Zama, W. Takashima, K. Kaneto
CP Polypyrrole 20.1 0.2 Tris(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methide-doped polypyrrole as a conducting polymer actuator with large electrochemical strain
S. Hara, T. Zama, W. Takashima, K. Kaneto
CP Polyaniline 0.83 0.02 Carbon Nanotube and Polyaniline Composite Actuators
M. Tahhan, V.T. Truong, G.M. Spinks, G.G. Wallace
CNT CNT 0.05 Carbon Nanotube and Polyaniline Composite Actuators
M. Tahhan, V.T. Truong, G.M. Spinks, G.G. Wallace
CNT CNT 0.31 0.01 Carbon Nanotube and Polyaniline Composite Actuators
M. Tahhan, V.T. Truong, G.M. Spinks, G.G. Wallace
CNT CNT 0.35 0.01 Carbon Nanotube and Polyaniline Composite Actuators
M. Tahhan, V.T. Truong, G.M. Spinks, G.G. Wallace
CNT CNT 0.42 0.01 Carbon Nanotube and Polyaniline Composite Actuators
M. Tahhan, V.T. Truong, G.M. Spinks, G.G. Wallace
CNT CNT 0.23 0.01 Carbon Nanotube and Polyaniline Composite Actuators
M. Tahhan, V.T. Truong, G.M. Spinks, G.G. Wallace
CP Polyaniline 0.3 3 0.0017 Actuative properties of polyaniline fibers under electrochemical stimulation
A. Mazzoldi, C. Degl'Innocenti, M. Michelucci, D. De Rossi
CP Polyaniline 0.2 2 0.01 Actuative properties of polyaniline fibers under electrochemical stimulation
A. Mazzoldi, C. Degl'Innocenti, M. Michelucci, D. De Rossi
DE Silicone 50 0.036 Improvement of Electromechanical Actuating Performances of a Silicone Dielectric Elastomer by Dispersion of Titanium Dioxide Powder
F. Carpi, D. De Rossi
DE Silicone 100 0.06 Improvement of Electromechanical Actuating Performances of a Silicone Dielectric Elastomer by Dispersion of Titanium Dioxide Powder
F. Carpi, D. De Rossi
DE Silicone 0.02 Improvement of Electromechanical Actuating Performances of a Silicone Dielectric Elastomer by Dispersion of Titanium Dioxide Powder
F. Carpi, D. De Rossi
DE Silicone 400 0.135 Improvement of Electromechanical Actuating Performances of a Silicone Dielectric Elastomer by Dispersion of Titanium Dioxide Powder
F. Carpi, D. De Rossi
DE Silicone 350 0.11 Improvement of Electromechanical Actuating Performances of a Silicone Dielectric Elastomer by Dispersion of Titanium Dioxide Powder
F. Carpi, D. De Rossi
DE Silicone 250 0.062 Improvement of Electromechanical Actuating Performances of a Silicone Dielectric Elastomer by Dispersion of Titanium Dioxide Powder
F. Carpi, D. De Rossi
DE Silicone 300 0.086 Improvement of Electromechanical Actuating Performances of a Silicone Dielectric Elastomer by Dispersion of Titanium Dioxide Powder
F. Carpi, D. De Rossi
DE Silicone 200 0.04 Improvement of Electromechanical Actuating Performances of a Silicone Dielectric Elastomer by Dispersion of Titanium Dioxide Powder
F. Carpi, D. De Rossi
DE Silicone 150 0.029 Improvement of Electromechanical Actuating Performances of a Silicone Dielectric Elastomer by Dispersion of Titanium Dioxide Powder
F. Carpi, D. De Rossi
DE Silicone 100 0.013 Improvement of Electromechanical Actuating Performances of a Silicone Dielectric Elastomer by Dispersion of Titanium Dioxide Powder
F. Carpi, D. De Rossi
DE VHB4937 0.5 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE Silicone Improvement of Electromechanical Actuating Performances of a Silicone Dielectric Elastomer by Dispersion of Titanium Dioxide Powder
F. Carpi, D. De Rossi
DE Silicone 50 0.008 Improvement of Electromechanical Actuating Performances of a Silicone Dielectric Elastomer by Dispersion of Titanium Dioxide Powder
F. Carpi, D. De Rossi
DE VHB4936 0.45 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4937 0.47 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4935 0.44 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4934 0.41 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4933 0.4 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4931 0.35 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4932 0.36 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4927 0.27 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4928 0.27 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4929 0.31 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4930 0.325 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4924 0.22 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4925 0.24 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4926 0.245 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4923 0.2 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4921 0.17 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4922 0.19 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4919 0.13 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4920 0.16 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4917 0.1 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4918 0.13 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4915 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4916 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4912 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4913 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4914 0.05 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4911 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4910 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4910 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4910 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4910 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE VHB4910 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE Polybutadiene 11 12 0.19 Electrostriction of Polymer Dielectrics With Compliant Electrodes as a Means of Actuation
R.E. Pelrine, R.D. Kornbluh, J.P. Joseph
DE VHB4910 Actuation Response of Polyacrylate Dielectric Elastomers
G. Kofod, P. Sommer-Larsen, R. Kornbluh, R. Pelrine
DE Isoprene 5.2 11 0.094 Electrostriction of Polymer Dielectrics With Compliant Electrodes as a Means of Actuation
R.E. Pelrine, R.D. Kornbluh, J.P. Joseph
DE Fluorosilicone 19 28 0.14 Electrostriction of Polymer Dielectrics With Compliant Electrodes as a Means of Actuation
R.E. Pelrine, R.D. Kornbluh, J.P. Joseph
DE Ethylene propylene 13 12 0.022 Electrostriction of Polymer Dielectrics With Compliant Electrodes as a Means of Actuation
R.E. Pelrine, R.D. Kornbluh, J.P. Joseph
DE Silicone 34 32 0.21 Electrostriction of Polymer Dielectrics With Compliant Electrodes as a Means of Actuation
R.E. Pelrine, R.D. Kornbluh, J.P. Joseph
DE Polyurethane 100 11 1.9 Electrostriction of Polymer Dielectrics With Compliant Electrodes as a Means of Actuation
R.E. Pelrine, R.D. Kornbluh, J.P. Joseph
DE Isoprene, Natural Rubber Latex 5.9 11 0.11 High-Field Deformation of Elastomeric Dielectrics for Actuators
R. Pelrine, R. Kornbluh, J. Joseph, R. Heydt, Q. Pei, S. Chiba
DE Fluoroelastomer, Lauren L143HC 4.6 8 0.11 High-Field Deformation of Elastomeric Dielectrics for Actuators
R. Pelrine, R. Kornbluh, J. Joseph, R. Heydt, Q. Pei, S. Chiba
DE Fluorosilicone, Dow Corning 730 55 28 0.39 High-Field Deformation of Elastomeric Dielectrics for Actuators
R. Pelrine, R. Kornbluh, J. Joseph, R. Heydt, Q. Pei, S. Chiba
DE Slicone, Dow Corning Sylgard 186 82 32 0.51 High-Field Deformation of Elastomeric Dielectrics for Actuators
R. Pelrine, R. Kornbluh, J. Joseph, R. Heydt, Q. Pei, S. Chiba
DE Polyurethane, Deerfield PT6100S 87 11 1.6 High-Field Deformation of Elastomeric Dielectrics for Actuators
R. Pelrine, R. Kornbluh, J. Joseph, R. Heydt, Q. Pei, S. Chiba
DE Silicone, Dow Corning HS3 26 41 0.13 High-Field Deformation of Elastomeric Dielectrics for Actuators
R. Pelrine, R. Kornbluh, J. Joseph, R. Heydt, Q. Pei, S. Chiba
DE Silicone, Nusil CF19-2186 220 32 1.36 High-Field Deformation of Elastomeric Dielectrics for Actuators
R. Pelrine, R. Kornbluh, J. Joseph, R. Heydt, Q. Pei, S. Chiba
DE Silicone, Elastosil 625 High-Strain Actuator Materials Based on Dielectric Elastomers
R. Pelrine, R. Kornbluh, G. Kofod
DE VHB4910 Dielectric Elastomer Actuators
G. Kofod
DE VHB4910 Dielectric Elastomer Actuators
G. Kofod
DE VHB4910 Dielectric Elastomer Actuators
G. Kofod
DE VHB4910 Dielectric Elastomer Actuators
G. Kofod
DE VHB4910 Dielectric Elastomer Actuators
G. Kofod
DE VHB4910 Dielectric Elastomer Actuators
G. Kofod
DE VHB4910 Dielectric Elastomer Actuators
G. Kofod
DE VHB4910 Dielectric Elastomer Actuators
G. Kofod
DE VHB4910 Dielectric Elastomer Actuators
G. Kofod
DE Silicone 150 0.096 Improvement of Electromechanical Actuating Performances of a Silicone Dielectric Elastomer by Dispersion of Titanium Dioxide Powder
F. Carpi, D. De Rossi
DE Silicone 200 0.102 Improvement of Electromechanical Actuating Performances of a Silicone Dielectric Elastomer by Dispersion of Titanium Dioxide Powder
F. Carpi, D. De Rossi
DE Silicone 250 0.144 Improvement of Electromechanical Actuating Performances of a Silicone Dielectric Elastomer by Dispersion of Titanium Dioxide Powder
F. Carpi, D. De Rossi
CP polypyrrole 16.4 0.1667 1 The amounts per cycle of polypyrrole electromechanical actuators
GM Spinks, D Zhou, L Liu, GG Wallace
CP polypyrrole 2.6 0.1 1.433 The amounts per cycle of polypyrrole electromechanical actuators
GM Spinks, D Zhou, L Liu, GG Wallace
CP polypyrrole 22 The amounts per cycle of polypyrrole electromechanical actuators
GM Spinks, D Zhou, L Liu, GG Wallace
CP polypyrrole 82.8 The amounts per cycle of polypyrrole electromechanical actuators
GM Spinks, D Zhou, L Liu, GG Wallace
CNT SWCNT 0.15 Increased actuation rate of electromechanical carbon nanotube actuators using potential pulses with resistance compensation
JN Barisci, GM Spinks, GG Wallace, JD Madden, RH Baughman
CNT SWCNT Increased actuation rate of electromechanical carbon nanotube actuators using potential pulses with resistance compensation
JN Barisci, GM Spinks, GG Wallace, JD Madden, RH Baughman
SWCN 3 1.5 Pneumatic Carbon Nanotube Actuators
GM Spinks, GG Wallace, LS Fifield, LR Dalton, A Mazzoldi, D Rossi, II Khayrullin, RH Baughman
CNT MWNT 0.2 0.2 Multiwalled Carbon-Nanotube Actuators
M Hughes, GM Spinks